Dansense — final haptic sole with neon vibration paths representing dance directions

♣ INTERACTION DESIGN

Dansense

Being visually impaired (VI) doesn't stop anyone from dancing. Dansense is a haptic wearable insole that translates dance cues into physical sensation, empowering visually impaired dancers to move independently and with confidence.

Role
Interaction Designer
Timeline
6 weeks
Team
Mahsa Aghaiypour, Abhimanyu Gurung, Priyanka Nagar
Year
2024

The Problem & The User

The Problem

Traditional dance instruction relies heavily on mirroring — students watching and mimicking a teacher. For visually impaired individuals, this creates an immediate barrier to adoption, requiring constant physical touch or verbal cues that can feel stigmatising.

The User

Visually impaired individuals who want to dance for physical activity, social enrichment or self expression. Their primary motivations are the joy of movement, but they are often frustrated by the lack of assistive tools that feel natural and "invisible."

1/2

of VI individuals avoid physical activity due to inaccessible environments.

80%

of dance lessons rely almost entirely on visual mimicry.

30%

of individuals find verbal cues disrupt the music and increase cognitive load.

The Approach & Process

Research & Discovery

Our research began with empathy-building activities, including a visit to Muzieum in Nijmegen and attending dance classes blindfolded. We also interviewed our primary stakeholder, Blinde Liefde voor Salsa, to understand the specific nuances of salsa footwork and the limitations of current assistive solutions.

Field research collage — attending Blinde Liefde voor Salsa dance classes, blindfolded empathy exercise, empty dance studio, and the Muzieum in Nijmegen

Empathy-building research — attending dance classes, blindfolded experiments, and a visit to the Muzieum Nijmegen

The Solution

A wearable haptic sole that fits inside standard footwear, translating dance cues into physical sensation without any visual dependency.

Dansense insole with contoured haptic feedback — pads at heel, arch, and forefoot sequentially inflate and deflate to guide foot placement

Contoured Haptic Feedback

Instead of generic vibrations, the sole uses a specialised layout of actuators that align with the foot's pressure points. This allows the user to "feel" the direction of a step, addressing the challenge of communicating complex dance cues without visual aids.

3D render of the Dansense haptic sole — beige insole with colour-coded pressure zones for toe, ball, arch, and heel

Gamified Anticipation

We integrated gamification elements inspired by classic rhythm games. Localised & directional vibration patterns act as "pre-cues," allowing the dancer to anticipate the next step and build bodily awareness and confidence over time.

Brand in action

Dansense billboard campaign — 'Dance is felt. Not watched.' tagline with insole product on urban billboard at dusk

Dansense brand campaign — "Dance is felt. Not watched."

Dansense promotional flyer — 'Know a dancer who can't see the dance floor?' held by two people in urban setting

Dansense brand campaign — co-design and testing call to action

The Impact

The Dansense concept effectively translated digital signals into physical dance steps, earning strong validation from its primary stakeholder.

70%

of Users identified the correct step direction on their first attempt.

100%

of stakeholders confirmed the design as a viable, "invisible" alternative.

1.5x

faster reaction speed than traditional verbal counts.

Reflection & Learnings

What I Learned

Designing for disability shouldn't sacrifice form. Making the technology "invisible" was the key to its emotional success and user adoption. Through this project, I developed a deeper understanding of hardware by using Arduino to bridge the gap between digital cues and physical sensations.

What I'd Do Differently

I would prioritise hardware size from day one in our prototype. While the sole was sleek, shifting to custom PCB design and integrated batteries would eliminate external wiring and truly achieve that "invisible" feel.